Who would have thought that Descartes’ famous cogito-argument was already asserted well before by Augustine, the professor of rhetoric and bishop of Hippo? Who is thinking of Augustine as a philosopher rather than as the author of his Confessiones? It is Ludwig Wittgenstein who opens his Philosophical Investigations with an extensive quotation in Latin from Augustine’s work, on the basis of which he takes issue with the Augustinian philosophy of language. Augustine’s theory of language figures explicitly within Wittgenstein and provides a foil for his alternative concept of language as a „language game”.